Vilniaus senamiestis
Vilnius Old Town
Usage
Refers to the UNESCO-listed Vilnius Old Town
Grammar Note
"senamiestis" is a compound of "senas" (old) and "miestas" (city). Genitive "Vilniaus" indicates possession
Trakų pilis
Trakai Castle
Usage
Refers to the iconic red-brick island castle on Lake Galvė
Grammar Note
"pilis" is a feminine noun meaning castle. "Trakų" is its genitive. The 14th-century red-brick island castle is iconic
Kuršių nerija
Curonian Spit
Usage
Refers to the UNESCO Curonian Spit, a narrow sand dune peninsula
Grammar Note
"nerija" means a narrow spit or peninsula. The Curonian Spit stretches across Lithuania and Russia (Kaliningrad)
Kryžių kalnas
Hill of Crosses
Usage
Refers to the famous pilgrimage site covered with hundreds of thousands of crosses
Grammar Note
Genitive plural "kryžių" modifies "kalnas". Crosses were removed by Soviets but kept being replaced as a symbol of faith
Palanga
Usage
Refers to Lithuania's main seaside resort town on the Baltic Sea
Grammar Note
Palanga is Lithuania's premier Baltic Sea resort. It's also known for the Amber Museum (Gintaro muziejus)
Aukštaitijos nacionalinis parkas
Aukštaitija National Park
Usage
Refers to Lithuania's first national park, known for its lakes and forests
Grammar Note
"Aukštaitija" is a historical Lithuanian region. Genitive "-os" ending forms "park of Aukštaitija"
Kauno pilis
Kaunas Castle
Usage
Refers to the historic castle in Kaunas, Lithuania's second largest city
Grammar Note
Genitive of "Kaunas" is "Kauno". Kaunas served as Lithuania's provisional capital before WWII
Kernavė
Usage
Refers to the UNESCO-listed archaeological site, the ancient capital of Lithuania
Grammar Note
Kernavė is considered Lithuania's first capital. Its five hill forts (piliakalnis) are UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Žemaitijos nacionalinis parkas
Žemaitija National Park
Usage
Refers to the national park in western Lithuania known for its lakes and nature
Grammar Note
"Žemaitija" means lowland historically. "Žemaitijos" is the genitive. Lake Plateliai is the park's center
Druskininkai
Usage
Refers to Lithuania's famous spa and resort town in the south
Grammar Note
"Druskininkai" derives from "druska" (salt), referring to its mineral springs. The plural form serves as a place name
Vilniaus oro uostas
Vilnius Airport (VNO)
Usage
Lithuania's busiest airport, about 6 km south of central Vilnius; a shuttle train reaches the main railway station in under ten minutes, and city buses also serve it
Kauno oro uostas
Kaunas Airport (KUN)
Usage
The airport used by most low-cost carriers, at Karmėlava about 14 km northeast of Kaunas; a city bus reaches the centre in roughly 40 minutes
Palangos oro uostas
Palanga Airport (PLQ)
Usage
The airport for the Lithuanian coast, about 5 km north of Palanga; the gateway for travellers heading to Klaipėda and the Curonian Spit
Šiaulių oro uostas
Šiauliai Airport (SQQ)
Usage
Airport at Zokniai outside Šiauliai, used mainly for cargo and by NATO's Baltic air policing mission; scheduled passenger flights are very limited
Vilniaus geležinkelio stotis
Vilnius Railway Station
Usage
Lithuania's main railway station, on Geležinkelio street just south of the Old Town, with the long-distance coach station right across the road; trains leave here for Kaunas, Klaipėda, Šiauliai and Trakai
Kauno geležinkelio stotis
Kaunas Railway Station
Usage
Kaunas's railway station on M. K. Čiurlionio street at the southern edge of the New Town; frequent trains reach Vilnius in a little over an hour
Klaipėdos geležinkelio stotis
Klaipėda Railway Station
Usage
The terminus on the Baltic coast, next door to the long-distance coach station and within walking distance of the Old Town; direct trains from Vilnius end here
Šiaulių geležinkelio stotis
Šiauliai Railway Station
Usage
The main station in northern Lithuania, on the Vilnius–Klaipėda line; the usual base for visiting the Hill of Crosses
Vilniaus oro uosto geležinkelio stotis
Vilnius Airport railway station
Usage
The rail halt beside the airport terminal; timetables and signs show it simply as "Oro uostas". The ride to Vilnius station takes 7–8 minutes
Naujosios Vilnios geležinkelio stotis
Naujoji Vilnia railway station
Usage
The suburban station in eastern Vilnius where most long-distance trains also call; handy for reaching the eastern side of the city
Lentvario geležinkelio stotis
Lentvaris railway station
Usage
The junction west of Vilnius where the Kaunas main line and the Trakai branch divide; the change point for trains to Trakai
Trakų geležinkelio stotis
Trakai railway station
Usage
The terminus of the Trakai branch, with direct trains from Vilnius; the lakeside castle is about a 30-minute walk from the station, or a short local bus ride
Kaišiadorių geležinkelio stotis
Kaišiadorys railway station
Usage
A junction station between Vilnius and Kaunas where the line north towards Šiauliai branches off
Radviliškio geležinkelio stotis
Radviliškis railway station
Usage
One of Lithuania's biggest rail junctions, about 20 km south of Šiauliai, where the Klaipėda and Latvia lines meet
Kretingos geležinkelio stotis
Kretinga railway station
Usage
The nearest railway station to Palanga, just inland from Klaipėda; buses to the resort leave from outside the station
Plungės geležinkelio stotis
Plungė railway station
Usage
A stop on the Vilnius–Klaipėda trains and the gateway to Žemaitija National Park and Lake Plateliai
Ignalinos geležinkelio stotis
Ignalina railway station
Usage
A station on the line running northeast from Vilnius, the usual entry point to the lakes of Aukštaitija National Park
Šeštokų geležinkelio stotis
Šeštokai railway station
Usage
A station in the southwest near the Polish border where the Russian and European track gauges meet; used for connections towards Poland
Vilniaus autobusų stotis
Vilnius Coach Station
Usage
Lithuania's largest coach terminal, directly opposite Vilnius railway station, serving cities across the country plus Riga, Warsaw and other neighbours
Kauno autobusų stotis
Kaunas Coach Station
Usage
Kaunas's long-distance coach terminal on Vytauto avenue, within walking distance of the railway station; buses to Vilnius run very frequently
Klaipėdos autobusų stotis
Klaipėda Coach Station
Usage
Klaipėda's coach terminal, next to the railway station; buses to Palanga and Šventoji also leave from here
Šiaulių autobusų stotis
Šiauliai Coach Station
Usage
Šiauliai's coach terminal; local buses towards Joniškis stop near the turn-off for the Hill of Crosses
Panevėžio autobusų stotis
Panevėžys Coach Station
Usage
The gateway to Panevėžys, Lithuania's fifth city; with no regular passenger trains, coaches are effectively the only public transport here
Palangos autobusų stotis
Palanga Coach Station
Usage
Palanga's coach terminal; since the resort has no railway, buses to Klaipėda, Kaunas and Vilnius all leave from here
Klaipėdos valstybinis jūrų uostas
Port of Klaipėda
Usage
Lithuania's only seaport and an ice-free harbour; international ferries to Germany and Sweden sail from here
Senoji perkėla
Old Ferry Terminal, Klaipėda
Usage
The foot-passenger and bicycle ferry berth near Klaipėda's Old Town; the crossing to Smiltynė at the tip of the Curonian Spit takes about ten minutes
Naujoji perkėla
New Ferry Terminal, Klaipėda
Usage
The vehicle ferry berth south of the city centre; cars cross here and drive straight on down the spit towards Nida
Smiltynė
Usage
The northern tip of the Curonian Spit, administratively part of Klaipėda and reached by ferry; home to the Sea Museum and pine-backed beaches
Vilniaus apskritis
Vilnius County
Usage
The southeastern county containing the capital, along with Trakai, Kernavė and Šalčininkai
Kauno apskritis
Kaunas County
Usage
The county in the centre of the country, centred on Kaunas and including Jonava, Kėdainiai and Birštonas
Klaipėdos apskritis
Klaipėda County
Usage
The western county on the Baltic coast, covering Klaipėda, Palanga, Neringa on the Curonian Spit, and Šilutė
Šiaulių apskritis
Šiauliai County
Usage
The northern county; besides its capital Šiauliai it contains the Hill of Crosses and the rail junction at Radviliškis
Panevėžio apskritis
Panevėžys County
Usage
The north-central county, with Panevėžys as its seat plus Biržai, Rokiškis and Kupiškis
Alytaus apskritis
Alytus County
Usage
The southern county in the Dzūkija region, covering Alytus, Druskininkai and Varėna, known for pine forests and rivers
Marijampolės apskritis
Marijampolė County
Usage
The southwestern county in the Suvalkija region, bordering Poland and crossed by the Via Baltica highway
Tauragės apskritis
Tauragė County
Usage
The southwestern county bordering the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad, along the lower reaches of the Nemunas
Telšių apskritis
Telšiai County
Usage
The northwestern county in the Žemaitija region, covering Telšiai, Plungė and Mažeikiai, and containing Žemaitija National Park
Utenos apskritis
Utena County
Usage
The northeastern lake district county with Utena, Zarasai, Ignalina and Visaginas, home to Aukštaitija National Park
Vilnius
Usage
Lithuania's capital, set where the Neris and Vilnia rivers meet; its Baroque Old Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Kaunas
Usage
Lithuania's second city at the confluence of the Nemunas and Neris; the interwar provisional capital, whose modernist architecture is UNESCO-listed
Klaipėda
Usage
The third city and Lithuania's only port, with a half-timbered Old Town from its German era as Memel and the ferries to the Curonian Spit
Šiauliai
Usage
The largest city in northern Lithuania and the base for visiting the Hill of Crosses; it also has a bicycle museum and the Sundial Square
Panevėžys
Usage
An industrial city in the north-centre, Lithuania's fifth largest, on the Vilnius–Riga highway and known for its preserved narrow-gauge railway
Alytus
Usage
The largest city of the southern Dzūkija region, on the Nemunas, and a staging point for Druskininkai and Dzūkija National Park
Marijampolė
Usage
The main town of the southwestern Suvalkija region, on the Via Baltica towards the Polish border and a stop for international coaches
Mažeikiai
Usage
A city in the northwest near the Latvian border, home to the only oil refinery in the Baltic states and on the rail route towards Latvia
Jonava
Usage
An industrial town on the Neris about 30 km northeast of Kaunas, known for its large fertiliser works
Utena
Usage
The main town of the northeastern Aukštaitija region, known for its brewery and surrounded by lake country
Kėdainiai
Usage
About 50 km north of Kaunas, with a well-preserved Renaissance old town and buildings linked to the Radvila family
Telšiai
Usage
The capital of the Žemaitija (Samogitia) region, spread along Lake Mastis and the centre of Samogitian culture
Visaginas
Usage
A planned town in the far northeast built in Soviet times for workers at the Ignalina nuclear plant, with a largely Russian-speaking population
Tauragė
Usage
A town in the southwest close to the Kaliningrad border, on the main road linking Klaipėda and Kaunas
Ukmergė
Usage
A town midway between Vilnius and Panevėžys on the A2 motorway, a common stop or transfer point on that route
Plungė
Usage
A town in northwestern Žemaitija with the Oginskis palace and its large park; the entry point to Žemaitija National Park
Kretinga
Usage
An inland town beside Palanga, known for the Tiškevičius manor and its winter garden glasshouse; it has the nearest railway station to the resort
Šilutė
Usage
A town in the Nemunas delta, formerly part of Prussia, and the gateway to Rusnė island and the delta's birdwatching areas
Trakai
Usage
A historic lake town about 28 km west of Vilnius, once a grand-ducal seat, known for its Karaim wooden houses and kibinai pastries
Birštonas
Usage
A small spa town south of Kaunas set inside a great loop of the Nemunas, known for its mineral springs and quiet riverside paths
Anykščiai
Usage
A town on the Šventoji river in the northeast, with a treetop walkway through the pine forest and the huge Puntukas boulder nearby
Zarasai
Usage
A lake-district town in the far northeast near the Latvian border, ringed by water and popular as a summer lakeside retreat
Varėna
Usage
A town in the southern Dzūkija region surrounded by vast pine forest, famous for mushrooms and berries and the entry to Dzūkija National Park
Ignalina
Usage
A lakeside town in the northeast, the gateway to Aukštaitija National Park and a modest winter sports spot
Rusnė
Usage
Lithuania's only island town, in the Nemunas delta; the access road can flood during the spring high water
Neringa
Usage
The municipality covering the whole Lithuanian half of the Curonian Spit, made up of Nida, Preila, Pervalka and Juodkrantė
Nida
Usage
The main village on the Curonian Spit, just short of the Russian (Kaliningrad) border, known for its painted fishermen's cottages and huge dunes
Juodkrantė
Usage
The village on the Curonian Spit nearest Klaipėda, with the wooden-sculpture Hill of Witches and a large heron and cormorant colony
Šventoji
Usage
A seaside settlement about 12 km north of Palanga near the Latvian border, quieter than Palanga with family-friendly beaches
Melnragė
Usage
The seaside district on the north side of Klaipėda, reachable by city bus; its sandy beach and breakwater are where locals swim
Ventės ragas
Ventė Cape
Usage
A cape jutting into the Curonian Lagoon with a lighthouse and a bird-ringing station, famous for watching migrating birds
Kuršių nerijos nacionalinis parkas
Curonian Spit National Park
Usage
The national park protecting the Lithuanian side of the spit; vehicles pay an entry fee. Dunes, pine forest and lagoon shore throughout
Dzūkijos nacionalinis parkas
Dzūkija National Park
Usage
Lithuania's largest national park, protecting the vast southern pine forests and the Merkys valley; Marcinkonys is the usual base
Trakų istorinis nacionalinis parkas
Trakai Historical National Park
Usage
Lithuania's only historical national park, protecting the Trakai lakes, the castles and the old town together
Nemuno deltos regioninis parkas
Nemunas Delta Regional Park
Usage
The park protecting the wetlands where the Nemunas meets the Curonian Lagoon, including Rusnė island and Ventė Cape; a migration hotspot in spring and autumn
Aukštaitija
Usage
The historical region of northeastern Lithuania; the name means "highlands". Lake- and forest-rich, its dialect underlies standard Lithuanian
Žemaitija
Žemaitija (Samogitia)
Usage
The historical region of northwestern Lithuania; the name means "lowlands". Known for its own dialect and strong local identity, centred on Telšiai
Dzūkija
Usage
The southeastern historical region of sandy pine forests, known for mushroom picking and folk singing; Alytus and Varėna are its main towns
Suvalkija
Usage
The southwestern historical region, also called Sūduva; fertile farmland centred on Marijampolė
Mažoji Lietuva
Lithuania Minor
Usage
The western historical region that once belonged to East Prussia, covering Klaipėda, Šilutė and the Curonian Spit, where German-style architecture survives
Gedimino pilies bokštas
Gediminas' Tower
Usage
The surviving tower of the Upper Castle on the hill above the Old Town; reached by funicular or on foot, with a panorama of the city from the top
Katedros aikštė
Cathedral Square
Usage
The main square of Vilnius Old Town, with the cathedral and its free-standing belfry, and the famous "Stebuklas" (miracle) tile in the pavement
Vilniaus arkikatedra bazilika
Vilnius Cathedral
Usage
The neoclassical cathedral on Cathedral Square, the heart of Lithuanian Catholicism, with the crypts of grand dukes beneath it
Aušros vartai
Gate of Dawn
Usage
The only surviving city gate of the Old Town; the chapel above it holds a revered image of the Virgin that draws pilgrims from across the region
Šv. Onos bažnyčia
St. Anne's Church
Usage
A late Gothic church in red brick on the eastern edge of the Old Town near the Vilnia river; one of the city's signature facades
Vilniaus universitetas
Vilnius University
Usage
Founded in 1579 and among the oldest universities in the region; its Old Town campus of linked courtyards is open to visitors, and the belfry offers fine views
Užupis
Usage
The district just across the Vilnia river from the Old Town, declared an artists' "republic"; its constitution is displayed on plaques in many languages
Pilies gatvė
Pilies Street
Usage
The Old Town's main street, running from Cathedral Square down to Town Hall Square, lined with souvenir shops, cafés and amber sellers
Gedimino prospektas
Gediminas Avenue
Usage
Vilnius's main avenue, running roughly 2 km from Cathedral Square to the parliament (Seimas), lined with ministries, banks and shops
Trys kryžiai
Three Crosses
Usage
Three white crosses on the hill overlooking the Old Town, facing Gediminas' Tower; a popular viewpoint
Vilniaus televizijos bokštas
Vilnius TV Tower
Usage
At about 327 m, Lithuania's tallest structure, in the Karoliniškės district west of the centre, with a viewing floor and revolving restaurant, and a memorial to those killed in January 1991
Valdovų rūmai
Palace of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania
Usage
The reconstructed grand-ducal palace beside Cathedral Square; excavated foundations are preserved below, and it houses a museum of the Grand Duchy
Paneriai
Paneriai (Ponary)
Usage
A forest in the southwestern outskirts of Vilnius, the site of wartime mass killings, with a memorial museum; walkable from the railway halt of the same name
Laisvės alėja
Laisvės Avenue (Freedom Avenue)
Usage
Kaunas's pedestrian boulevard through the New Town, about 1.6 km long and lined with cafés and shops, linking the centre to the Old Town
Kauno senamiestis
Kaunas Old Town
Usage
The old quarter at the confluence of the Nemunas and Neris, centred on the square with the white town hall nicknamed "the white swan"
Pažaislio vienuolynas
Pažaislis Monastery
Usage
A Baroque monastery on the shore of the Kaunas Reservoir east of the city, reachable by trolleybus from the centre
Devintasis fortas
The Ninth Fort
Usage
A tsarist-era fort northwest of Kaunas, the site of wartime mass killings; now a museum with a massive memorial monument
Klaipėdos senamiestis
Klaipėda Old Town
Usage
The old quarter south of the Danė river, with half-timbered German-era warehouses on a grid of streets and a strong port-town character
Teatro aikštė
Theatre Square, Klaipėda
Usage
The central square of Klaipėda's Old Town; the Ännchen von Tharau fountain in front of the theatre is the usual meeting point
Lietuvos jūrų muziejus
Lithuanian Sea Museum
Usage
A museum inside a 19th-century fort at Smiltynė, with an aquarium and seal and dolphin pools; reached by ferry from Klaipėda
Palangos tiltas
Palanga Pier
Usage
The long wooden pier reaching out into the sea at Palanga; on summer evenings it fills with people watching the sunset
Palangos gintaro muziejus
Palanga Amber Museum
Usage
The amber museum housed in the Tiškevičius palace, set in a large botanical park; the main sight in Palanga
Parnidžio kopa
Parnidis Dune
Usage
The great dune south of Nida, topped by a stone sundial, with views over the lagoon, the sea and across the border; walking off the boardwalks is prohibited
Raganų kalnas
Hill of Witches
Usage
An open-air sculpture trail through the wooded dune at Juodkrantė, lined with carved wooden figures from folk tales; free to enter
Rumšiškės
Usage
A village on the Kaunas Reservoir with a large open-air folk museum of relocated farmsteads from across Lithuania, about 30 minutes by road from Kaunas
Nemunas
Nemunas River
Usage
Lithuania's largest river, flowing in from Belarus through Kaunas to the Curonian Lagoon; part of its lower course forms the border with Russia
Neris
Neris River
Usage
The river running through Vilnius, joining the Nemunas at Kaunas; its banks in the capital carry walking and cycling paths
Baltijos jūra
Baltic Sea
Usage
The sea on Lithuania's western side; the coast is only about 90 km long, all sand and pine, and known for amber washed up on the beach
Kuršių marios
Curonian Lagoon
Usage
The vast, almost freshwater lagoon between the spit and the mainland, fed by the Nemunas and crossed by ferries and excursion boats
Galvės ežeras
Lake Galvė
Usage
The lake at Trakai on which the island castle stands; it has 21 islands, with boating in summer and people walking on the ice in winter
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